\pard\tx960\tx1920\tx2880\tx3840\tx4800\tx5760\tx6720\tx7680\tx8640\tx9600\f1\b0\i0\ul0\fs28 sh init boot bin rc\
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Q: A machine hangs during boot with the following repeated error message:\
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boot_rc\
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A: /etc/init tries to execute the /etc/rc.boot program, but fails because the Bourne shell (/bin/sh) is not found. This happens if the /bin directory got removed or the Bourne shell program is missing from the /bin directory.\
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The easiest way to recover a hard drive is to boot off of an optical (or off the net, if you're in an environment with networked NeXTs), mount the hard disk, and restore the /bin directory or the missing file(s). If you have a hard disk with the above symptoms follow the instructions below. If you are booting from an optical disk, replace the /bin directory from a known good hard disk or have the optical disk replaced if this is not possible.\
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1) Boot off of a release optical disk. To boot type the following command in the ROM monitor:\
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\f2\fs24 NeXT>
\b bod
\b0 \
\f1\fs28 \
2) Log in, and launch a Shell or Terminal window. If you are not logged in as root, su to root to get super-user privileges:\
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3) Mount the hard disk as follows:\
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\f2\fs24 machine#
\b mount /dev/sd0a /mnt
\b0 \
\f1\fs28 \
4) copy the necessary files over from the optical disk or replace the missing /bin directory:\
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Assuming the whole /bin directory is missing:\
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\f2\fs24 machine#
\b cd /
\b0 \
machine#
\b tar cf - bin | (cd /mnt; tar -xpf -)
\b0 \
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\f1\fs28 Or just /bin/sh:\
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\f2\fs24 machine#
\b cd /bin
\b0 \
machine#
\b tar cf - sh jsh | (cd /mnt/bin; tar -xpf -)
\b0 \
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\f1\fs28 Other missing files can be copied similarly. Note that a tar is necessary since /bin/sh and /bin/jsh are hard-linked. /bin/[ and /bin/test are hard-linked as well.\
\f2\fs24 \
\f1\fs28 5) Power the machine down and reboot off the hard disk.\